“…Polish Journalist Replies to Soviet Open Letter / by Anna PomianPolish-Soviet relations are still given inadequate coverage in the official Polish media; the symbols of the Soviet presence in Poland were the subject of a recent article by an independent Polish journalist replying to an open letter by Soviet intellectuals that was reprinted by the official Polish press. …”

“…Soviet Dissidents Write to a Polish Opposition Group / by Anna PomianThe underground biweekly "Solidarność Walcząca" publishes a Polish translation of a letter from a Soviet "Group of Sympathizers of Fighting Solidarity", prepared in Leningrad in April 1987 and addressed to "all those who oppose communism in Poland" and written on behalf of "their Soviet supporters." …”

“…The article contains intelligent analysis based on the information available to the author, but in light of recent events (the Soviet boycott of the Los Angeles Olympics, the Soviet Union's deployment of SS-20s in Czechoslovakia and the GDR), it is wrong; there has been no thawing in Soviet-American relations. …”

“…Integration of Polish and Soviet Economies / by Nika Krzeczunowicz[from: Z Dnia Na Dzień, no. 33(422) (24-30 November 1986) and Tygodnik Mazowsze, no. 190 (4 December 1986).]Since the early 1980s the Soviet and Polish authorities have been trying to integrate the Polish economy into the Soviet one. …”

“…Profiles of Major Independent Polish Publications: "KOS"The Polish Independent Press Review continues its series on leading independent periodicals with a look at KOS, which is produced fortnightly in Warsaw by the Committee for Social Resistance. Are Changes in the Soviet Union Relevant to the Polish Opposition? / by Nika KrzeczunowiczThe last two issues of the independent weekly "Tygodnik Mazowsze" gave a prominent place to two discussions: one on the implications of the current Soviet situation for the Polish opposition and the other on censorship and the Polish independent press. …”

“…This article in the leading Solidarity publication examines the internal and international implications of Poland's relationship with West Germany The Eyes of All "Zeks" Are Turned Toward Poland: An Interview with Natalia Gorbanevska[from: Tygodnik Mazowsze, no. 146 (14 November 1985)]In this Interview with a known Soviet dissident, the Warsaw Solidarity weekly is told of the differences between the work and treatment of the opposition in Poland and in the Soviet Union. …”

“…Among the reasons cited for this are: the movement's general crisis of identity as its takes on an increasingly political role; the fact that workers have become far more pragmatic in pursuing their material interests; a lack of expertise among Solidarity activists in the factories; and a lack of democratic procedures within the organization. "What Do Soviet Soldiers Think?" / by Anna PomianA recent article in a Polish independent weekly presented some ideas on the composition, internal relations, and outlook of the Soviet Army troops stationed in Poland. …”

“…Declaration of Solidarity by Young People[from: Biuletyn Dolnośląski, no. 5(63) (May/June 1985)]Despite the increased sovietization of education in Poland, there are still young people who perceive that the education they receive is one-sided and who aspire to a broader and more democratic concept of learning. …”

“…This interview describes the Independent Education Movement and how it plans to counter Sovietization and encourage independent thinking. "Kontakty" is a monthly published in Gdańsk for teachers of the Independent Education Movement. …”

“…"Eastern Archive": A New Documentation Center / by Anna PomianAn independent documentation center with branches in several Polish cities has been set up to research into the lives of Poles returning to Poland after having been deported to the Soviet Union. Polish Self-sufficiency on the Increase / by Anna PomianThe deteriorating material situation of most Poles has forced them to rely on their own personal resources to an increasing extent and to find novel ways of making ends meet. …”

“…Even the government's attendance figures departed from the 98% figure that is traditional in Soviet-bloc elections. Aside from calling for a boycott, however, Solidarity organized an independent count of those who went to vote. …”

“…International Human Rights Conference to Be Held in Cracow / by Anna PomianA Solidarity human rights monitoring commission intends to hold a conference in August to consider the violation of human rights in Poland against the background of current Soviet policy. Survey of Catholic Samizdat Publications in Czechoslovakia / by Anna PomianCatholic samizdat publishing is plentiful and diverse in Czechoslovakia, as can be seen from a recent survey in the Polish independent press. …”

“…The Underground Press Looks at the Implications for Poland of Gorbachev's Policies / by Anna PomianThe Polish independent press has frequently commented on the current situation in the Soviet Union, focusing on the possible implications of the Kremlin's campaign for "openness" and "restructuring" for the Polish Church, the authorities, and the opposition. …”

“…Recent independent press coverage of Armenia has not only included detailed reporting on the demonstrations and negotiations but has also considered the Armenian protest within the wider context of the nationalities issue in the Soviet Union. Comments on Katyń in the Independent Press / by Anna Pomian[from: Z Dnia na Dzień, no. 5(461) (18 February-2 March 1988). …”

“…In several articles, it gave a day by day description of the events; offered two medical articles on dangers of radiation; printed an interview with a nuclear scientist describing the Chernobyl-type Soviet reactors and the type of reactor that is planned for Żarnowiec near Gdańsk; and explained various technical terms such as becquerel and rem. …”

“…It is argued, and the text of the Polish military oath is used as evidence, that the army is there not to defend Polish independence but to help maintain the Soviet hold on Poland. The Emergence of the Freedom and Peace Movement / by Michał KołodziejThe case of Marek Adamkiewicz, imprisoned for refusing to take the oath of allegiance after being drafted, provided the impetus for founding the Freedom and Peace movement. …”

“…The Matter of Compensation for Ex-Prisoners of Soviet Labor Camps[from: Unia, no. 6]"Unia" is an undated underground journal dealing with social, economic, historical, political, and cultural matters, often reprinting material from other underground publications. …”

“…Some do it out of pacifist convictions, others because they refuse to swear the oath, which includes a phrase about coming to the aid of the "fraternal Soviet Union" in case of need. A Letter from Mrs. …”

“…The Tragedy of the Tatars / by WT[from: Tygodnik Mazowsze, no. 88 (17 May 1984)]"Tygodnik Mazowsze," the official Solidarity weekly for the Warsaw region, regularly devotes space to articles about other countries and nationalities in the Soviet bloc. Below is a translation of an article signed WT about the tragic fate of the Crimean Tatars. …”